3A. Identify and explain claims and evidence within an argument.
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Fallacy is a word that gets tossed about a whole lot. In essence, the label "fallacy" refers to an inappropriate, invalid, or illogical means of persuasion--in short, a form of "dirty trick" in argumentation. This lecture is designed to familiarize students with the definition of fallacy, discuss some of the most common fallacies, and also discuss some of the best methods of dealing with them in a written or spoken argument. Understanding fallaccy will allow a student to identify and evaluate the claims and evidence made in an argument and test them for validity. Are the claims in a person's argument really supported by valid evidence?
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Point One: A Valid Claim Is Relevant and Supported
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Point Two: All Fallacies Are Fallacies of Relevance, or the "So What?" Rule
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Example
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Common Types of Fallacy
Note: These are not all the fallacies that exist. They're just pretty common.
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